总结了在 Ubuntu 24.04 上通过 ESXi 直通 NVIDIA RTX 5070 Ti,安装驱动并配置 Docker 容器使用 GPU 的完整步骤。
bashlspci | grep -i nvidia
应看到显卡 VGA 和音频控制器信息:
0b:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 2c05 (rev a1) 0b:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation Device 22e9 (rev a1)
.run
安装器)从 https://www.nvidia.com 下载适配驱动,例如 NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-570.153.02.run
bashsudo apt update
sudo apt install -y build-essential gcc make dkms linux-headers-$(uname -r) libglvnd-dev pkg-config
bashchmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-*.run
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-*.run
nvidia-xconfig
(如有 GUI)bashnvidia-smi
输出应能正确识别 GPU、驱动版本、CUDA 版本。
bash# 强制使用 Ubuntu 22.04 的源
export distribution=ubuntu22.04
curl -fsSL https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/gpgkey | \
sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-container-toolkit-keyring.gpg
curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/$distribution/libnvidia-container.list | \
sed 's#deb #deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-container-toolkit-keyring.gpg] #' | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-container-toolkit.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y nvidia-container-toolkit
bashsudo apt install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | \
sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo \
"deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] \
https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy stable" | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
bashsudo systemctl enable docker
sudo systemctl start docker
bashsudo nvidia-ctk runtime configure --runtime=docker sudo systemctl restart docker
bashdocker run --rm --gpus all nvidia/cuda:12.3.1-base-ubuntu22.04 nvidia-smi